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McGill.CA / Steinberg Centre for Simulation and Interactive Learning / Research

Scholarly Products

We’re proud to showcase the excellent research conducted at, and in partnership (e.g., staff/SCSIL simulation research fellow participation) with the SCSIL. The sample peer-reviewed publications and international and national conference presentations below feature cutting-edge and multidisciplinary work we help support as either the site of research or an official partner.

Journal Publications

  1. Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Grewal, K., Matin, N., Azher, S., & Harley, J.M. (in press). Analyzing Multimodal Data to Understand Medical Trainees' Regulation Strategies and Physiological Responses in High- Fidelity Medical Simulation Scenarios. Metacognition and Learning. DOI: 10.1007/s11409-024-09403-z
  2. Tokuno, J.., Bilig, E., Gorgy, A., & Harley, J.M. (in press). Perceptions and Reported Use of Extended Reality Technology in Royal College-Accredited Canadian Simulation Centres: A National Survey. Canadian Medical Education Journal.
  3. Azher, S., Mills, A., He, J., Hyjazie, T., Tokuno, J., Quaiattini, A., & Harley, J.M. (2024). Findings from Rapidly Evolving Research Field Favor Haptics for Surgical Education with Virtual Simulations: A Systematic Scoping Review. Journal of Surgical Innovation, 31(3), 331-341. DOI: 10.1177/15533506241238263
  4. Botelho, F., Rangel, A.G., Harley, J.M., & Poenaru, D. (2024). Improving Pediatric Trauma Education by Teaching Non-Technical Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 59 (5), 874-888. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.018
  5. Harley, J.M., Hin-Hei Lau, C., Bilgic, E. , Muller Moran, R., Fried, G.M., & Bhanji, F. (2023). Identifying Royal College-accredited simulation centre research priority directions across Canada. Canadian Medical Education Journal, 1-5. DOI: 10.36834/cmej.73911
  6. Tokuno, J., Carver, T. E., & Fried, G. M. (2023). Measurement and Management of Cognitive Load in Surgical Education: A Narrative Review. Journal of Surgical Education, 80(2), 208-215. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.10.001
  7. Tokuno J, & Fried GM. (2023). Digital Education in General Thoracic Surgery: A Narrative Review. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 115(3), 787-794. S0003-4975(22)00681-6.
  8. Moran, H.R.M., Maurice-Ventouris, M., Alharbi, M., Ahn, T.B., Harley, J.M., & Lachapelle, K.J. (2023). Pan-Canadian initiative on fundamental competencies for transcatheter cardiac surgery: A modified Delphi consensus study. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 165(6), 2153-2161. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.07.048
  9. Moran, H.R.M., Maurice-Ventouris, M., Alharbi, M., Harley, J.M., & Lachapelle, K.J. (2022). A scoping review on the performance of transcatheter cardiac surgery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 164(6), e457-e469. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.11.096
  10. Maurice-Ventouris, M., Moran, H.R.M., Alharbi, M., Ahn, B.T., Harley, J.M., & Lachapelle, K.J. (2021). The Study of Visuospatial Abilities in Trainees: A Scoping Review and Proposed Model. Surgery Open Science, 5, 25-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2021.05.001
  11. Duffy MC, Azevedo R, Sun NZ, Griscom SE, Stead V, Crelinsten L, Wiseman J, Maniatis T, Lachapelle K. Team regulation in a simulated medical emergency: An in-depth analysis of cognitive, metacognitive, and affective processes. Instructional Science. 2015 May 1;43(3):401-26.

International and National Conference Presentations

  1. Zhang, T., Grewal, K., & Harley, J.M. (2025). Examining Validity Evidence of the Simulation Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (SimERQ) from Interviews with Medical Residents. Paper presented at the Society for Simulation in Healthcare’s IMSH, Orlando, FL.
  2. Aboushawareb S, Nugus P, Phillips D, Skaik N, Gelinas I, Godard C, Vitali P, Webster C, and Carver TE. (2024, November) TOTAL e-Learning: An online educational experience to support care partners of people living with dementia in Quebec. North American Primary Care Research Group (NAPCRG) 52nd Annual Meeting, November 20-24, 2024; Quebec City. Abstract & Oral Presentation
  3. Johnson, M., Tsiolis, M., Ahn, B.T., Matin, N., Pelletier, J-S., Buhr, S.L., Humphrey, C., Harper, C.D., Macleay, E., & Harley, J.M. (2024, October). Stand Up Or Stand By: A Thematic Analysis Of Surgery Residents' Responses To A Bystander Harassment Simulation. ePoster and short in-person talk to be presented at the American College of Surgeons’ Clinical Congress, San Francisco, CA.
  4. Botelho, F., Durieux, B., Ashkar, S., Harley, J.M., & Poenaru, D (2024, September). Improving the assessment of pediatric trauma simulation-based training using large language models. Paper to be presented at the Canadian Association of Pediatric Surgeons 2024 Annual Meeting, Hallifax, NS, Canada
  5. Moreno, M., Grewal, K., & Harley, J. (2024, August). Examining Machine Learning to Predict Medical Learner’s Regulation in Medical Simulations. Paper presented at the International Conference on Motivation & Emotion (ICM 2024), Bern.
  6. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Moreno, M., Pekrun, R., Wiseman, J., Fried, G., Lajoie, S.P., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., & Harley, J.M. (2024, April). Keep Your Cool: Exploring Emotion Regulation Strategies during Team-Based Medical Simulations. Paper presented at the 2024 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association.
  7. 2024 Aboushawareb S, Nugus P, Phillips D, Gelinas I, Godard C, Morais J, Gauthier S, Vitali P, Webster C, Fried G, and Carver TE. Optimizing and delivering ten online modules over ten weeks for adult learners (TOTAL) to caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD) who are of diverse backgrounds in Quebec. Symposium conducted at the International Congress on Academic Medicine (ICAM). Vancouver, Canada; April 12-15, 2024
  8. Knobovitch RM, Tokuno J, Fried HB, Carver TE, Fried GM. Virtual Reality for Procedural Training in Medical Students: Assessment of Usability and Cognitive Load. Poster Presentation, Annual Meeting of the Association for Surgical Education, April 2024. Orlando, FL, United States.
  9. Knobovitch RM, Tokuno J, Fried HB, Carver TE, Fried GM. Chest Tube Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Feasibility and Efficacy of Virtual Reality Simulation for Knowledge and Skill Acquisition in Medical Trainees. Plenary Podium Presentation, 124thAnnual Congress of Japan Surgical Society, Nagoya, Japan. April 2024.
  10. Harley, J.M., (2023, December) Invited Keynote Talk: Harnessing the Power and Potential of Simulation to Help Address Healthcare and Healthcare Education Crises. Sim Expo, Ottawa, Canada.
  11. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Moreno, M., Pekrun, R., Wiseman, J., Fried, G.M., Lajoie, S., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., & Harley, J.M. (2023, October). Exploring Residents’ Emotion Regulation Strategies and their Effectiveness in Team-Based Surgical Simulations. Abstract presented at the 2023 Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education.
  12. Soilis, N., Filion, F., Harley, J.M., Bhanji, F., Claudio, F., Roy, L., Thambinathan, V., Benmohamed, N., Kinsella, E.A., (October, 2023). Simulating a Situation of Homelessness: Results of a Pilot Study of Nursing Students' Perceptions of Learning through Virtual Embodiment. Paper presented at The 5th International Congress on Whole Person Care. Montreal, Canada.
  13. Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Grewal, K., Azher, S., & Harley, J.M. (2023, August). Analyzing Multimodal Data to Understand Medical Trainees' Regulation Strategies in Simulation Scenarios. Paper presented at the 20th Biennial European Association for Research on Learning & Instruction (EARLI) Conference 2023, Thessaloniki.
  14. Bolduc, M.E. & Shankland, B. (2023, May 12). Perceived Educational Value of Different Types of Simulation. Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT ) Conference 2023, Saskatoon, SK.
  15. MacKenzie, D., Sibbald, K., Harris, J., Hunt, A., Drynan, D., Roberts, M.R., Bolduc, M.E., Shankland, B., Morin, C., Savard, J., Martini, R., Werther, K., Tremblay, H. (2023, May 11). Simulation in Canadian Occupational Therapy Education: Why, How, and When. Extended Session, Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) Conference 2023, Saskatoon, AB.
  16. Bolduc, M.E., Shankland, B. (2023, May 11). Perceived Educational Value of Different Types of Simulation. Poster Presentation, Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) Conference 2023, Saskatoon, AB.
  17. Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Grewal, K., Pekrun, R., Lajoie, S.P., Brydges, R., Wiseman, J., Sun, N., Khalil, E., Azher, S., Fried, G.M., Hadwin, A., & Harley, J.M. (2023, April). The Role of Leadership in Team-Regulation Dynamics and Performance Within a Crisis Resource Management (CRM) Simulation. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting 2023, Chicago.
  18. Azher, S., Bilgic, E., Grewal, K., & Harley, J.M. (2023, April). Assessing Medical Students’ Performance, Cognitive Load, and Usability Between Two Virtual Simulation Modalities. Poster to be presented at the 2023 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association.
  19. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Pekrun, R., Wiseman, J., Fried, G.M., Lajoie, S., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., & Harley, J.M. (2023, April). Effects of Emotions on Perceptions of Performance and Team Mood in Team-Based Medical Simulations. Paper to be presented at the 2023 annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association.
  20. Azher, S., Grewal, K., Bilgic, E., & Harley, J.M. (2022, November). Comparison of Two Virtual Simulation Technologies in Medical Education: An Assessment of Cognitive Load, Usability, and Performance Differences. Paper presented at the 5th Montreal International Conference on Clinical Reasoning 2022. 
  21. Aboushawareb S, GĂ©linas I, Carver TE, Nugus P. Exploring and Understanding the Needs for the Care Partners of People Living with Dementia (PLWD) from Diverse Populations (2022, November). North American Primary Care Research Network (NAPCRG), 50th Annual Meeting 2022; Pheonix, Arizona (USA); November 21. Poster Presentation
  22. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Pekrun, R., Wiseman, J., Fried, G.M., Lajoie, S., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., & Harley, J.M. (2022, October). How Do You Feel?: An Examination of Team Leaders’ and Members’ Emotions in Surgical Simulations. Paper presented at the 2022 Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education.
  23. Azher, S., Grewal, K., Moreno, M., Bilgic, E., Marchand, D., & Harley, J.M. (2022, August). Leveraging Virtual Simulation Technology as a Distance Learning Tool to Support Nursing Students during COVID-19. Poster presented at the Association for Medical Education in Europe 2022 Conference.
  24. Tokuno J. Management of Cognitive Load and Usability for optimization of Learning Experience. Presented at the 75th Scientific Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery. 2022 Oct. Yokohama, Japan.
  25. Tokuno J, Valanci-Aroesty S, Uchino H, Sirois C, Ghitulescu G, Carver TE, Fried GM. A novel e-learning module for chest tube insertion: assessing usability and cognitive load. 2022 the International Conference on Residency Education. 2022 Oct. Montreal, Canada.
  26. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Patino Melo, L., Pekrun, R., Fried, G.M., Wiseman, J., Lajoie, S., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., Moreno, M.+, & Harley, J.M. (2022, October). Learning With, From and Despite Emotions: A New Tool to Examine Residents’ Emotions and Emotion Regulation Strategies during Crisis Management Simulations. Poster presented at the 2022 International Conference on Residency Education.
  27. Grewal, K., Azher, S., Moreno, M., Patino Melo, L., Pekrun, R., Wiseman, J., Fried, G.M., Lajoie, S., Brydges, R., Hadwin, A., Sun, N.Z., Khalil, E., & Harley, J.M. (2022, October). How Do You Feel?: An Examination of Team Leaders’ and Members’ Emotions in Surgical Simulations. Paper presented at the 2022 Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education.
  28. Harley, J.M., Hin-Hei Lau, C.+, Bilgic, E., Muller Moran, R.+, Fried, G.M.+, & Bhanji, F. (2021. November). Identifying Royal College-accredited simulation centre research priority directions across Canada. Poster to be presented at the The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada's 2021 Simulation Summit.
  29. Muller Moran HR, Maurice-Ventouris M, Alharbi M, Ahn B, Harley JM, & Lachapelle KJ. (2021. October). Pan-Canadian Initiative On Fundamental Competencies for Transcatheter Cardiac Surgery: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study. Presentation at the Canadian Cardiovascular Conference 2021.

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