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In 1992, researchers at the Montreal Children’s Hospital and six U.S. institutions began a long-term study of treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The project builds on a previous collaboration between Dr. Lily Hechtman, a McGill professor of psychiatry and pediatrics based at the Children’s, and New York University psychiatry professor Howard Abikoff, this time expanding their research to a much broader population. With the inclusion of researchers from across America—Duke University, Columbia University, Mount Sinai Medical Center, the University of California at Berkeley and Irvine, and the University of Pittsburgh—the current study follows multimodal treatment of 579 children diagnosed with ADHD. The children, 7 to 9 years old when the study began, were randomly assigned to four treatments: med- ication, behaviour therapy, a combination of the two, or community care. The study, which will run until at least 2013, has yielded dozens of publications, and new insights into the overwhelming benefits of combining medication with psychosocial treatment.